The above statement sums up a school of philosophy called "consequentialism" -- and was first penned by that fun-loving guy, Machiavelli, in arguing that rulers must be consequentialists.
Just in case you need a program to keep your philosophical players straight, here's the summary of what Wikipedia has to say about this line of reasoning:
"Consequentialism refers to those moral theories which hold that the consequences of a particular action form the basis for any valid moral judgment about that action (but see rule consequentialism). Thus, from a consequentialist standpoint, a morally right action is one that produces a good outcome, or consequence.
"Consequentialism is usually understood as distinct from deontology, in that deontology derives the rightness or wrongness of an act from the character of the act itself rather than the outcomes of the action, and from virtue ethics, which focuses on the character of the agent rather than on the nature or consequences of the action itself. The difference between these three approaches to morality tends to lie more in the way moral dilemmas are approached than in the moral conclusions reached. For example, a consequentialist may argue that lying is wrong because of the negative consequences produced by lying — though a consequentialist may allow that certain foreseeable consequences might make lying acceptable. A deontologist might argue that lying is always wrong, regardless of any potential "good" that might come from lying. A virtue ethicist, however, would focus less on lying in any particular instance and instead consider what a decision to tell a lie or not tell a lie said about one's character and moral behavior."
Now that cleared things up nicely, yes? No? If not, go back to the title of this post and do a gut check. If it sounds wrong, then, Devoted Reader, we agree.
Also from Wikipedia, this gallery of notable consequentialists:
(L to R: Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill, Niccolo Machiavelli)
- Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527),
- Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746)
- Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)
- William Godwin (1756-1836)
- James Mill (1773-1836)
- John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)
- Henry Sidgwick (1838-1900)
- G.E. Moore (1873-1958)
- Richard B. Brandt (1910-1997)
- R.M. Hare (1919-2002)
- John Harsanyi (1920-2000)
- J. J. C. Smart (born 1920)
- Henry Kissinger (born 1923)
- Amartya Sen (born 1933)
- R. M. Adams (born 1937)
- Philip Pettit (born 1945)
- Peter Singer (born 1946)
- Shelly Kagan
- Peter Railton (born 1950)
- Brad Hooker
To this list of less-than-moral leading lights, we can add Richard "Dick" Cheney, former Vice President of these United States. He (and his ethically-challenged but loyal daughter) have been barnstorming the country's telewaves arguing that "enhanced interrogation techniques" -- i.e., torture -- are defensible because they produced viable intel about terrorist threats. They've appeared everywhere from 60 Minutes to re-runs of Romper Room making this case for waterboarding. The Cheneys claim classified documents "prove" their point, if only to those with a sufficiently lofty security clearance to see these documents like Mr. Cheney.
Now, it does not defeat the general position of consequentialism to assert that in fact, the stated ends did NOT occur. That assertion, however, has been the primary item in the news cycle of late to show Cheney is wrong -- the former director of the FBI, FBI and CIA insiders who know the outcomes of enhanced vs. non-enhanced interrogations, most recently a ranking member of Congress who has seen the classified documents. It's coming out that the secret papers are a total MacGuffin, there's no rabbit in that hat, no reliable info emerged from torture, no lives were saved.
That line of argument begs the question of whether consequentialism is valid in the first place. My pal Houston recently posted a video of a ringing, if profane, denunciation of consequentialism as a proper stance in statecraft. For those who don't want to watch the YouTube machine, Shepard Smith dropped the F-bomb when infuriated during a Faux News panel interview: "This is America!!! We don't fucking torture!!!" The inanity around him continued regardless, and about 5 seconds later, he utters a soft "ooops."
So: Cheney(s) -- Consequentialist, vs. Smith -- deontologist.
Now where on this continuum of deep thought do we find Mr. Cheney's former boss? The (alleged) Commander-In-Chief, the Decider, who had to sign off on the torture? Consequentialist? Virtue Ethicist (as long as the marine doing the waterboarding is pure of heart, his actions are ethical)? Obviously not a deontologist.
Personally, I am confident that George W. Bush follows a completely different line of philosophical inquiry. I mean, just look at the resemblance:


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